This PhD mini-course provides an overview of modern strategies for protein production and engineering, covering expression systems from bacteria to mammalian cells. Students will learn key concepts in recombinant protein expression, purification, and quality control, as well as approaches for protein engineering and site-directed mutagenesis. The course also introduces protein-based nanoparticles, with a focus on ferritin nanostructures and their applications in drug delivery, vaccines, and diagnostics. Through lectures and practical-oriented sessions, participants will gain the tools needed to design cloning strategies, select appropriate expression systems, and apply protein technologies to biomedical and nanotechnological applications.