This course provides a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of thermal processes in space systems. Topics include calorimetry, the postulates and equations of Fourier, and key thermal conduction parameters. The principles of radiative heat transfer are covered, with an emphasis on the laws of Planck, Wien, Stefan–Boltzmann, and Lambert, as well as the thermal characterization of the space environment. Students will study the main radiative sources, including the Sun, Earth, and Earth’s albedo, and will learn techniques for thermal modeling of spacecraft through thermal balance equations. The course then addresses thermal control solutions, covering both passive devices (e.g., multilayer insulation, radiators, heat pipes) and active devices (e.g., heaters). Students will learn how to design and implement thermal control strategies to maintain spacecraft performance and ensure mission success. Applications such as radiation-driven propulsion (solar sails) are also discussed.

In the second part, this course explores interaction problems in space systems, offering a historical perspective of main issues happened in real space missions. Students will analyze one-way static and dynamic coupling, understanding the key parameters governing these phenomena through practical examples. The course then progresses to two-way static and dynamic coupling, including integrated modeling of space systems, with illustrative case studies of jitter and thermal instability mechanisms.