The course aims to give students a current understanding of the mechanisms controlling the development, maintenance, and plasticity of neural circuits and the main neurotransmission systems. Understanding: 1) how genetic and epigenetic factors affect the structure and function of the nervous system; 2) neurotransmitter activity; 3) how psychoactive molecules affect neurotransmission; and 4) the structural and functional damage underlying congenital cognitive disorders and neurodegenerative diseases are all made possible by this wealth of knowledge. The course's issues will be examined in light of the most current advancements in biotechnology and molecular/cellular biology.